Hydraulic jack



Sept. L `1936. R. M. LINDSAY HYDRAULIC JACK Original Filed Sept. 23,'1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 'Sept l, 1936. R M LINDSAY I 2,952,7Sl

I HYDRAULIC JACK Original Filed Sept. 23, 1952 V2 Sheets-Shells?. 2

' a new and improved form of movement ci l'piece casting havingat one end Patented Slept. 1, i936 acszgsi rATENT orsi-ca i assenti manure .inox essere M. Lindsay, oak Para, n1.

ed for abandoned uld, September 23,

February lil, i934, Serial No.

application Serial No. 1932. This application 310,517

il (Cl. 60-52) My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic jacks and has for one object to provide lack which would be cheap to manufacture; reliable in operation, which can be manipulated with a maximum amount oi' ease and wherein the direction of the the pump operating lever may be vadjusted or controlled tovsuit the will or the operator. i

My invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in' the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure l is a vertical section;

Figure 2 is a section along the line 2 2 of Figure l;

Figure '3 is a section" along the line 8 3 of Figure l;

Figure 4 is a section along `the line 4 8 of Figure l;

Figure 5 is a development or cam,v section along the line 5--5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is va section along the line 8-6 of Figure l.

Like parts are indicated by like characters throughout the specification and drawings.

The jack comprises in general an integral onea generally vertical cylinder A, rising from a generally horizontal oil reservoir A1. The cylinder A is closed at the upper. endI by means o! a gland A2 and packing' ring All!! engagement with and guiding the vertically moving hollow piston or plunger A4. The lower end oi the'piston is closed by a cap or head A5, which carries a packing cup washer A, preferably ci' leather, held in place by the washer 'A7 anda nut An on the threaded stud .A, which projects down from the head A5. The piston 'contains in its upper end a nut A1 in which is threaded a screw A11 having-at its lower end a guide flange An and at its upperend a pad A, adapted to engage any object to be liftedby the jack. The sole purpose of the screw, nut, fla-nge andpad combination is to al- -iow the operator before the jack is used to make an initial adjustment of the height of the ack. This adjustment will be made with the piston in the lower position and will be made so as to bring the pad, it the device is being used in connection with automobiles. high enough up when the jack rests on the ground and positioned beneath the part to be raised so that a minimum movement of the piston will be needed, the operator being able to make this adjustment before the jack is put under the object.

, outer wall C4 The cap A5 has a iiange A14 extending in sliding engagement with the inner periphery oi' the cylinder so that the piston is always held in alignment with the cylinder both by the flange A14 and the part engaging the gland A.

The reservoir A1 extends, as indicated, at right angles to the cylinder A, is tapered oi as shown in Figure l and encircles the base of the cylinder, the pocket B being a-part of the main oil reservoir A1. The underside of the housing A is l closed by the removable plate B2, held in oil tight relation with the housing by means of a gasket B3 and screws B4, the lower end of the cylinder A having an integral closure B which rests upon the plate B2. B8 is a by-pass connectl5 ing at one end with the upper inner portion of the cylinder A and at the other end with the upper portion of the reservoir A1. This passage has two iunctiona ltpermits oil or air entrapped by the plunger A* to escape into the reservoir as the plunger moves up. It also provides a pressure relief going into operation when the piston has reached the upper end of its excursion because when the' cup washer A8 passes above the bypass opening B6 further manipulation of the 25 pump will only cause circulation of the oil from the cylinder beneath the plunger through the'bypass back to the reservoir. But, of course, any movement of the plunger downward closes the relief by putting it out of operation and causing the plunger to remain in position at the upper end ci its excursion. B7 is an oil passage disposed in the wail of the cylinder A beneath the plunger, through which oil under pressure is introduced whenever the operator wishes to force the plunger A4 upwardly. The passage B7 is counterbored as at C.

C is a pump cylinder. it is. reduced at its inner end as at Cl and socketed in the counterbore C21 ci the cylinder A, there being a pack- 40 ing disk C encircling the reduced portion of the cylinder and compressed between the unreduced end of the pump cylinder and the cylinder A. The outer end of the pump cylinder is socketed in the-threaded aperture C?. 2in the 45 of the housing is a packing ring C5. At the end of the pump cylinder C is a gland C6 threaded in the aperture (23 exerting pressure on the packing ring and on the pump cylinder to compress the packing rings C'a and 50 C5 to prevent oil leakage. The pump cylinder is y countersunk as at C to receive a. screen Ca for the purpose of screening the oil entering intake passage C, which intake passage communicates with the suction valve chamber CW.

voi.

'.neath the piston C11 is a ball check valve in said chamber associated with the pointed end of the screw C12, so that the balls movement away from its seat is limited. C13 is a check valve chamber in the` [cup plungers D2, held together in place on the end of the piston bymeans o! the screw D. These cup plungers are oppositely disposed so that the pump is tight when moving forward to exert pressure on the piston and when moving backwardly on the suction stroke. The plunger D where it projects outwardly beyond the gland C6 is flattened as rat D'1 and straddled by the fork D5 on the stub pump lever D2, which stub pump lever has another fork D" straddling the end of a pivoted link D2, which link is also pivotedon the ears D2 on tthe rotatable adjusting disc D19, which disc rests a ainst the outer face of the wall C4 and rota ably encircles the gland C6.

The disc on its inner face is provided with a socket E adapted to beengaged by a spring pressed ball E1 in the face of the wall C4 so that the disc with the jack handle is yieldingly held in upper position as shown in Figures 1 and 3. E2 is a stop pin projecting from the wall C* outside the circumference of the disc and adapted to limit angular rotation of the disc in a clockwise direction, so that the disc may be rotated to overcomey the -iorce of the pressure of the ball E1 into a position such as shown in dotted lines in Figure 3, when the ball E1 engages the.

socket E3. When in such a position the pump lever is tree to rock in a horizontal plane as distinguished from its movement in a vertical plane withl the parts in full line position shown in Figures 1 and 3. -The inner face of the disc has a plurality of ball sockets E4 adapted to engage the ball whenthe disc is moved in counterclockwise direction from the position shown in Figures 1 and 3 and yieldingly adapted to stop it and latch it in i'our selected positions. Also disposed on the inner face oi the disc is a circular cam slot E5, which cam slot decreases in depth as indicated in Figure 5. 'Associated with the cam slot is a release pin E. the outer end of which penetrates into the slot through the aperture guide screw E", gland llis and packing E. The inner end of the pin Es is reduced in diameter as at E10 and projects inwardly through a threaded plug E11, associated with packing ring E12 to engage the release ball valve E13 seated on the plug E11 by means of a spring E11 in communication with the lower portion of the cylinder by means oi' a passage E15. Counlinwardly to unseat the ball valve E13 and permit hydraulic `iluid or oilto ow out from beor ram in the cylinder back to the reservoir. Owing to the great range of thev cani, the operator may control the rate at 'hichthe hydraulic-fluid is released by rotating disc and latching `it` at any one of the four herotates the disc and latches it :irri-fthe' iirstfipositionfhe gets slow outflow of oil. Ii'ji ie rotates it to tour-th position, he gets a maximum outflow of oil. Rotation in intermedi- I ate position gives intermediate release.

The jack handle comprises a hollow tube F adapted to socket on a reduced end F1 of the stub pump lever D6.9 This plug is apertured as 5 at F2 to receive the pin F held by means of a flat spring- F4; secured to the handle F and may be engaged in the aperture F2 to hold the handie in position on-the stub. Slidable in the hollow tube F is another tube F6 apertured as at F" 'and F2. A pin F9 held by the spring F1u Von the handle F may be put into engagement with any one of these apertures to latch the extending handle in the desired position with respect to thehandle F. Either end of the tube F is alternatively engageable with the vend F1.

G are a series of longitudinal ribs on the underside of the jack projecting downwardly so as to serve as runners and to guide the jack firmly on a straight line when it isl being slid along the ground into position underthe object to be lifted and also to interlock with the ground or other supporting surface so Aas'to prevent lateral displacement of the jack body as operation commences and the lever is rocked in a horizontal plane.`

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

When the operator wishes to use the jack to raise an automobile for changing a wheel or the like, he will by inspection determine how close to the ground the part to be engaged by the jack is, and he will rotate the adjusting screw to bring the pad into approximate height of the underside of the vehicle he Wishes to engage, With the disc in the upright position he will latch the handle on the stub and use the handle to guide `the jack and slide it under the vehicle, watching that the pad is beneath the part to be engaged. He will then give the jack handle a few perpendicular strokes, pumping enough oil out of the reservoir into the cylinder to raise the piston and put the pad into engagement with the proper part of the automobile and exert initial pressure on the jack. Because cars or automobiles are built lowthere is not much clearance and he would not be able to move the jack handle very far in up and down position but as soon as initial pressure has been taken up and the jack has been irmly seated on the ground, the operator will then rotate the disc clockwise by manipulating the handle through an angle of 90", so that the handle' may travel by reciprocation in a generally horizontal plane instead of a vertical plane. Therefore, the operator may take longer strokes and will not be in danger of bringing his hand or parts of his body or the jack handle into engagement with automobile parts as he manipulates Athe jack.

When the work is done and the operatorwishes to release the jack, he will rotate the disc back to upright position in counter-clockwise direction, and beyond it, to'release the relief valve more or less as he desires, and the weight ofl the plunger and the load carried by it will cause the oil to rush out through the relief valve back into the reservoir, the plunger settling down and the operator by pullingback on the pump lever can withdraw the jack. s

This application is a reilling of abandoned application, Serial Number 634,494, filed September 23, 1932. g

I claim:

1. In a hydraulic jack, including a liquid reseraosavsi voir, a working cylinder and working piston therein, a pump cylinder and pump .piston therein, and a pressure releasing valve associated with the working cylinder, a ring, rotatably mounted, concentric with the pump cylinder, a pump operating lever pivoted onthe ring and associated with the pump piston to cause reciprocation thereof, the ring being adapted to be rotated by rotation of the lever, and means interposed between the ring and the pressure releasing valve for causing operation of said valve in response to the rotation of the ring.

2. In a 'hydraulic-jack, including a liquid reservoir, a working cylinder and working piston therein, a pump cylinder and pump piston therein, and a pressure releasing valve associated with the working cylinder, a ring, rotatably mounted, concentric with the pump cylinder, a pump operating lever, pivoted on the ring and associated with the'pump piston to cause reciprocation thereof,

' the ring being adapted to be rotated by rotation of the lever, and means interposed between the ring and the pressure releasing valve for causing operation oi' said valve in response to the rotation of the ring, said means comprising a cam associated with the ring, a connecting rod engaging the cam atvone end and the valve at the other end..=

3. In a hydraulic jack, including a liquid reservoir, a working cylinder andV working piston therein, a pump cylinder and pump piston therein, and

a pressure releasing valve associated with the working cylinder, a ring, rotatably mounted, concentric with the pump cylinder, a pump oper-` ating lever pivoted on the ring and associated with the pump piston to cause reciprocation thereof, the ring being adapted to be rotated by rotation of the lever,I and means interposed between the ring and the pressure releasing valve for causing operation of said valve in response to the rotation of the ring, means for yieldingly locking the ring in a plurality of selected positions corresponding to a plurality of predetermined valve operations.

4. In a hydraulic jack, including a liquid reservoir, a working cylinder and working piston therein, a pump cylinder and pump piston therein, and

`a pressure releasing valve associated with the working cylinder, a ring, rotatably mounted, concentric with the pump cylinder, a pump operating lever, pivoted on the ring and associatedwith the pumpA pistonl to cause ,reciprocaton thereof, the ring'being adapted to be rotated by rotation of the lever, and means interposed between the ring and the pressure releasing valve for causing operation of said valve in response to the rotation of the ring, said means comprising a cam associated with the ring, afconnecting rod engaging the Acam at one end and the valve at the other' end, and means for yieldingly holding the ring in a plurality of selected positions corresponding to a plurality of predetermined valve operations.

5. In a hydraulic jack, including a liquid reservoir, a working cylinder and working piston therein, a pump cylinder and pump piston therein, a ring mounted for rotation, `concentric with the pump cylinder, a pump operating lever pivoted on the ring and adapted to cause reciprocation of the pump piston, yielding means for locking the ring in such a position that the pivot axis of the lever is generally horizontal, the ring when the yielding means are overcome being adapted to rotate to bring the pivot axis into a generally vertical position, a pressure release valve associated with the working cylinder and means responsive to rotation of the ring in the opposite direction for causing opening of the release valve.

d. In a hydraulic jack, including a liquid reservoir, a working cylinder and working piston therein, a pump cylinder and pump piston therein, a ring mounted for rotation, concentric with the pump cylinder, a pumpoperating lever pivoted on the ring and adapted to cause reciprocation of the pump piston, yielding means for holding the ring in such a position that the pivoted axis oi.' the lever is generally horizontal, the ring when the yielding means are overcome being adapted to bring the pivot axis into a generally vertical position, and stopping means associated with the ring, for limiting its angular excursion from the starting point to approximately 90, a pressure release lvalve associated with the working cylinder and means responsive to rotation of the ring in the opposite direction from the starting position for causing opening of the release valve.

7. A hydraulic jack comprising a closed liquid containing housing, a cylinder extending upwardly from the bottom floorjof the housing partially enclosed in the housing and projecting thereabove, a jack piston mounted for movement in the cylinder in response to hydraulic pressure, a passage extending through the wall of the cylinder communicating at one end with that portion oi' the cylinderbeneath the piston and at the other end with the interior of the liquid containing housing, an aperture in the outer wall of the housing in line with said passage, the wall of the cylinder about the passage being countersunk,V a pump barrel socketed in the countersunk portion of the cylinder wall extending outwardly 'therefrom through the body of the housing and `within the cylinder housing as a unit. a pump operating'lever associated with the outer end of the pump piston and a support for the lever whereby the lever is free to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the pump piston for pump operation, and free to rotate "about the axis of the pump, a relief valve associated with the cylinder and adapted to be operated responsive to rotation of the pump lever about the axis o! the piston.

ROBERT M. LINDSAY. 

